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The life of a cell is not governed only by the biochemistry and genetics. The mechanics also say. A team of physicists from the Institute Fresnel1 in Marseilles, and biologists from the Institute of Developmental Biology of Marseille-Luminy (IBDML) has to prove it by lifting the veil on the subtle processes by which tissues' s lie in the development of the embryo. Everything is matter of forces, and advanced traction. In short, movement ...
Let us look more closely. Also that spherical soap bubbles when they are only suspended cells in a tissue, adhere to each other through regular hexagonal shapes, similar to those observed in the cells of beehives. But what would happen to them when in the early hours of embryonic life, the fabric they are coming to lie?
Through a system Nanodissection - a pulsed laser capable of very short break the walls between the cells - and templates mathematics That is to say, they do not focus on what, teams of Pierre-Francois Lenne, Thomas Lecuit and have found the answer in Drosophila. They were able to show that generators of forces, from the cells themselves, act locally at the interfaces of some of them. Clearly, it is as if the cell, surrounded by a thick elastic - filaments of a molecule called action - which turned a small engine - myosin-II - capable of firing locally the elastic in question. As a result of tensions appear at the surface from the cell, which eventually break contact with one or more of its neighbors. secular So free to others, it stretches and change of place. Synchronized throughout several cells, this process of rearrangement contributes to the elongation of the whole of objects (called elements ...) tissue.
With this discovery, researchers are examining in this fine organization and dynamics of these generating force which may be the origin of cell movement in other tissues ...